Listening Task Study

Listening Task Study Listening and note taking †¢Listen carefully each time. †¢Make notes of what you hear. Better to have too many notes than not enough. †¢Be sure to take down quotes or language used in the text. †¢Have a shorthand system that is meaningful to you. †¢Use arrows to show linked ideas. Answering questions †¢Use the amount of marks appointed to the question as a guide to how much information is required. 1 mark = 1 piece of information. †¢If in doubt about what to include in the answer, put it all in. †¢Use the language of the text as often as you can.Do not simplify the meaning or understanding of the text in your response. †¢Do not use your general knowledge. You must interpret the meaning from the text, not from how you understand the world should work. †¢Always interpret the meaning intended within context of the text. †¢Every answer should reference the text, preferably with direct quote or by using the langua ge of the text. †¢Make sure you hear the word correctly and write it as you hear it. Language features to look out for in listening tasks Anecdotes Analogy Metaphor Simile Sound devices Exaggeration Sarcasm Humour IronyStatistics and Cultural references or intertextuality TermMeaningExample – provided where helpful Context – clarifies the meaning of something, either through historical information or by providing further detail before and / or after itThe conditions /circumstance relevant to an event, fact, e. g. time/place etc Conversational speech – characteristic of informal spoken language or conversation Dialect – form of a language spoken in a particular geographical area or by members of a particular social class or occupational group, distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciationCockney is a dialect of English not to be confused with ‘accent’ which is pronunciation common to a certain language dialect Diction â€⠀œ the choice and use of words in speech or writing Digression – an act or instance of changing from a main subject in speech to another unconnected subject Everyday/familiar/modern references – to mention something that the audience will recognise (can be an object or a common phrase) to create rapport / humour (when done out of context can increase the humour) Fillers / hedges (natural speech marker) – sounds or words that are spoken to fill up gaps in utterancescommon filler sounds are â€Å"uh† â€Å"er† and â€Å"um† Idiolect – a person’s individual speech habits. Idiom – a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual wordsâ€Å"She let the cat out of the bag† or â€Å"He was caught red-handed. † Impact – the power of making a strong, immediate impression Interrupt – to stop a person while s/he is saying or doing something, especially by saying something o neself Intonation – the sound pattern of phrases and sentences produced by pitch variation in the voice Lexis – the full vocabulary of a language, or of a group, individual, field of studytyre, oil, engine, car etc Non-verbal signs – the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messagese. g. hrough gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact; or even object communication such as clothing, hairstyles etc Pace/timing – the process or art of regulating actions or remarks in relation to others to produce the best effect Rapport – Relationship, usually a harmonious one, established between a speaker and their audience Register (formal/informal etc) – Level of formality in speech with others; register depends on the situation, location, topic discussed, and other factors Rhetorical device – a technique that a speaker (or author) uses to evoke an emotional response in the audiencee. g. hyperbol e – I was so hungry, I could have eaten an elephant Spontaneous speech – unprepared speech, in opposition to prepared speech where utterances contain well-formed sentences close to those that can be found in written documents Tag questiona question added to a declarative sentence, usually at the end, to engage the listener, verify that something has been understood, or confirm that an action has occurredCommon tags include won't you? wasn't it? don't you? haven't you? okay? and right? Transcript – a written copy of a discussion or speech