Advantage of internet in doing business

Convenience Reduced or no face to face contact with the customer. The business schedules time for customer response rather than being at the demand of the customer , as In telephone or face-to-face contact Business can attend to their customers at any time, not just during normal trading hours Vela social network, business can not only communicate with customers quickly but also retrieve customers' feedback Immediately and directly. SavingsNo shop rent If business Is only conducted on the Internet May need less staff and enables to hire excellent workers from all over the world for various tasks, such as: translating Job, business writing or seeding, code writing for website. Having a website Is a constant form of advertising to the public as It means information is available about services, products, business, promotions, contact detail, etc Business does not need to transport goods from ware house to shop, but an send them directly to the customers from the warehouse.Save marketing cost: traditional mass marketers have to send out thousands of postal mails to customers in order to introduce new products or services. Owing to internet, namely electronic mail (email) business saves such big amount of cost for postal expense and email printing cost. Speed Orders can be sent immediately, and transactions can be settled online. Funds are electronically transferred from the customers' account to the business after authorization.The transaction date is collected in electronic form and entered into an accounting package. Via social network, business can not only communicate with customers quickly but also retrieve customers' feedback immediately and directly instead of positively waiting for customers' comments via phone or complaint letter. Quickly reach target customers and study characteristic of target markets

Pride and Prejudice Analysis on the Theme of Love Essay

* Ultimately, Pride and Prejudice is a love story in that the way Darcy/Elizabeth and Bingley/Jane finally come together forms the basis of the plot. * True love, as it is represented in the novel, can overcome the odds such as the interference of well-meaning friends as well as pride and prejudice. It lasts over time and is not based on a few weeks’ acquaintance. Austen seems to believe in love based on mutual gratitude, esteem and respect. Being intellectually and characteristically equal also seems to be important. This is demonstrated in the characters and relationships mentioned above. The power of love to change people is also explored with Elizabeth and Darcy becoming better people as a result of their relationship. * Some other marriages such as Wickham/Lydia, Mr. and Mrs. Bennet and Mr. Collins/Charlotte are looked upon disapprovingly because they are not marriages of true love, but marriages based on desire or financial convenience. Marriage * Marriage is seen as necessary for social respectability and material comfort. The sole aim of Mrs. Bennet’s life is get her daughters married, hence showing its importance. * There are different aims and kinds of marriages. Marriages for convenience, financial security, desire and of course, love are the most common ones. * There is the question of where to draw the line between the prudent and mercenary motive in marriage. * The novel reflects the real societal problem of the lack of availability of suitable partners, reflected in Charlotte’s desire to grasp at anything. * Austen shows that marriage can be motivated by love and not money through the main characters. Darcy and Bingley both marry socially and financially inferior women. * â€Å"She began now to comprehend that he was exactly the man, who, in disposition and talents, would most suit her. His understanding and temper, though unlike her own, would have answered all her wishes. It was a union that must have been to the advantage of both; by her ease and liveliness, his mind might have been softened, his manners improved, and from his judgement, information, and knowledge of the world, she must have received benefit of greater importance. But no such happy marriage could now teach the admiring multitude what connubial felicity really was.† (P.295-6) Wealth * In the novel, wealth is seen as beneficial commodity but not necessarily guaranteeing happiness, morality and good sense. Bingley and Darcy choose their wives for their character and beauty probably because they have a better chance of happiness. Miss Bingley is rich but lacking in good morals and kindness. Lady Catherine is also rich but lacking in good sense. * Solely marrying for money is frowned upon, i.e. Mr. Wickham, Mrs. Bennet’s vulgar desire to have her daughters marry rich men * Austen places character above material wealth in terms of choosing a marriage partner, as Elizabeth initially refuses Darcy despite his great fortune. * Austen shows that worth is not based on wealth or social, that personal qualities are important too, such as morality and intelligence. First impressions * Linked to prejudice, Austen shows that first impressions are not always a true reflection of the way things really are. This is shown best through the characters of Wickham and Darcy. * Darcy also has to overcome his first impression of Elizabeth, especially her less than friendly attitude towards him. * Austen endorses the value of not judging a person immediately but taking time to see their true character. Pride * Austen disapproves of excessive pride through the depictions of Lady Catherine, Darcy and Mr. Collins. Lady Catherine thinks she has a right to interfere in all aspects people’s lives, Mr. Collins is arrogant because of his association with Lady Catherine and his moral rightness and Darcy’s pride provokes the dislike of people, in particular, Elizabeth. Elizabeth is also proud in that she stubbornly believes she is right about Darcy and persists in disliking him. * â€Å"Pride is a very common failing, I believe. By all that I have ever read, I am convinced that it is very common indeed, that human nature is particularly prone to it, and that there are very few of us who do not cherish a feeling of self-complacency on the score of some quality, real or imaginary.† * Mary also says, â€Å"Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often used synonymously.† (P.21) Pride is about what we think of ourselves, while vanity is about the opinions of others. Ignorance * Austen disapproves of ignorance, demonstrated in the way that certain characters are mocked for their stupidity, in particular, Mrs. Bennet, Lydia, Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine. Their ignorance is often a source of humour. * Austen endorses intelligence – both Darcy and Elizabeth are intelligent, and seems to promote reading for the getting of knowledge and understanding. * To some extent, Elizabeth is ignorant too because of her prejudice towards Wickham and Darcy. â€Å"Pleased with the preference of one, and offended by the neglect of the other, on the very beginning of our acquaintance, I have courted prepossession and ignorance, and driven reason away.† (P.202) Therefore, prejudice is linked with ignorance. Similarly, people dislike Darcy because of ignorance; they don’t who he really is. Courtship * The novel explores different methods of courtship. Mr. Collins and Mr. Darcy both have interesting methods. Mr. Darcy apologises for being in love and insults Elizabeth. Mr. Collins lists all the practical benefits of marriage for himself and is totally unconvincing in his expressions of love. They sound like the complements he likes to create and prepare. * Jane conceals her affection too much. â€Å"If a woman conceals her affection with the same skill from the object of it, she may lose the opportunity of fixing him; and it will then be but poor consolation to believe the world equally in the dark.† (P.22) Characters Elizabeth Bennet * Lively, attractive, spirited, articulate, well-mannered, affectionate, genteel * intelligent, perceptive, well-read, independent, rational * Easily prejudiced positively and negatively; determined to dislike Darcy and like Wickham * High moral standards; high ideals about marriage and love * Cheerful disposition; able to laugh at her misfortunes * Realises her mistakes and follies when she sees Darcy’s nature * Ashamed of the oddities of her family, yet devoted to their wellbeing * Displays strength and intelligence when confronted by Lady Catherine; sees through her wealth and status Fitzwilliam Darcy * Handsome, refined, discreet, intelligent, articulate * Morally upright, devoted to his sister, honest, honourable, loving, highly praised by housekeeper, accepts blame * conscious of his pedigree, arrogant, shy, uncomfortable around strangers, reserved * Becomes more modest, humble and well-mannered after Elizabeth reprimands him Jane Bennet * Attractive, genteel, kind, inclined to think the best of people, sensitive, modest, patient, a little bit too perfect to be true Charles Bingley * Sociable, lively, unreserved, keen on pleasing others, relies on Darcy for guidance, kind, loved by everyone, gentleman-like, lacks resolution and his own opinion Mr. Bennet * Quick, reserved, sarcastic, humorous, capricious, has philosophic composure * Is content to laugh at the oddities of his family without endeavouring to fix them * Irresponsible towards his family; realises this after the Lydia/Wickham affair * Favours Elizabeth because they are similar in intellectualism and character * Well-read, likes the country, shuts himself in his library away from his family * Regrets marrying a woman he can’t respect, enjoys teasing his wife Mrs. Bennet * Comic figure, foolish, talkative, snobbish, ignorant, uncertain temper, small-minded, naive * Business of life was to get her daughters married; nothing matters more to her, hypocritical Caroline Bingley * Shallow, materialistic, snobbish, unkind, lacks integrity, wants Darcy, hypocritical Mr. Collins * Comic figure, absurd, complements everything, thinks he is serious, apologises excessively * Feels proud because of his association with Lady Catherine and because of his moral uprightness * Marries solely for practical reasons, not for love * Other people generally can’t stand him except for Charlotte who seems to be willing to tolerate him Lady Catherine de Bourgh * Comic figure; associated with author’s satire of appearances and good breeding * Arrogant, authoritative, thinks she has a right to dictate every aspect of people’s lives * Patronising, condescending; perhaps this is suits her role as a patroness * Lacks wisdom and gentility, forthright, conscious of her rank and pedigree Mr. Wickham * Uses his good looks and charm to attract wealthy women for their money, seems to have no morals, has all the appearance of goodness, lives wildly, squanders all his money, takes advantage of other people’s kindness, initially loved by everyone, stands in contrast to Darcy Charlotte Lucas * Pragmatic in terms of marriage, seems to eager to grasp at any offer of marriage Mr. & Mrs. Gardiner * Like-minded to Jane and Elizabeth, one of the few relatives Elizabeth isn’t ashamed of. Lydia Bennet * High-spirited, similar to her mother, obsessed with officers, wild and unrestrained, uncivil, boisterous, talkative, unashamed, fearless, noisy Mary Bennet * Studious, well-read, intellectual, prides herself on morality and sense, works hard for accomplishments, has a conceited and pedantic air Style * Use of exaggeration * Formal, refined language; elegant dialogue * Subtle, light touch, not vicious or forceful * Irony – â€Å"In a fortnight they (the officers) were to go, and once gone, she (Elizabeth) hoped there could be nothing more to plague her on his (Wickham) account.† (P.215). This is irony in setting up for Lydia’s elopement with Wickham. * Caricature – Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine are all examples of what Jane Austen thinks people should not be. Setting * Small country town – gossip, ignorance, small-mindedness. â€Å"Mr. Darcy†¦drew†¦attention†¦by his fine, tall person†¦and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year.† (P.12) In a small town, all they do visit each other and gossip, especially people like Mrs. Bennet. Also reflected in Mrs. Bennet is the small-mindedness and ignorance. * 18th century England – reflected in social conventions, social rank, class system, marriage. > Social conventions – The Bennet girls couldn’t visit Bingley until Mr. Bennet went first. Husbands and wives rarely referred to each other by first names in front of servants. > Social rank and class system – Darcy, Bingley and Lady Catherine are higher in rank than the Bennets, the Lucases and the Collins’. Therefore the Bennet girls were advancing in their status by marrying Darcy and Bingley. There is hardly any mention of the lower classes > Marriage – the general opinion was that marriage equalled happiness, social security and financial convenience especially for women. Context * Much social upheaval in other parts of Europe; however, this is not evident in this novel. England was still very much a class-ridden society. Austen only focuses on the comfortable lives of the middle and upper classes. It was fashionable for young ladies of the middle class to do as little domestic work as possible. This is why the Bennet girls seem to have nothing to do except visit officers, shop, go to balls, socialise, play music and read.

7 Top class apps that every Grad student must use

Social Media 7 Top class apps that every Grad student must use Today’s technological world has changed the definition of almost everything, whether it is related with education, corporate world and other fields. It is through technology, the world is becoming a small place, where each and everyone can communicate sitting at any corner of the globe. Many new applications are regularly stepping ahead and thereby, making every task simple and trouble free (Galbraith and et.al., 2007). Apps are considered as the wave of the future man. Talking about the use of apps in the classrooms, soon each and every classroom will be filled with apps of all sizes as well as shapes. They will sooner or later replace the books and maybe someday friends and family. However, till then students who want to grade high in their assessments require apps on their computing device in order to succeed their school. Irrespective the students are taking notes, reading, typing up, annotating photosynthesis PDFs on the juxtaposition of thing A and thing B, there are man y best applications to get their work and schoolwork done quite easily (Tomei, 2009). Of course, it still depends on the students that whether they actually want to do work or not, but these applications when tucked into their iPad, MacBook, One X or ZenBook will help in cutting down their work to some extent (Henning, 2007). The present article will throw light on the applications related with the class that should be used by the grade students to score higher marks. The subsequent snippet will discuss about the class apps which are useful for the students and will make their work easy. The first classroom application is Dropbox. It is nothing but a multifaceted tool, which is very powerful. This app can be used to store and sync the files and documents across the tablets, computers and smart phones. Students can simply write a lesson plan or the lecture in their computer at home and put it on their Dropbox folder and whoosh!!! It will be synced with their work computer (Hollander, 2013). During their free period they can just open that file, make alternations and that change will be synced automatically with their home computer. Thus, it can be said that it is very seamless, free and fast. All the grade students can make use of this application in many ways. They can just manage their own materials and make it readily accessible. In addition to this, Dropbox works across platforms and devices and thus, students can use a Mac at home, an iPad, a Blackberry phone, a PC at work, all will have access to their documents and materials. Dropbox makes the life a lot easier . The very first thing the professors are required to do is they need to create a sharing folder for each and every class they teach so that they can make available crucial information to all the students (Smith, 2003). There are many benefits which can be availed by the students by using the Dropbox app. Grade students uses this app to submit their presentations and all visual components and thus, saves their time, which can be utilized in some fruitful work. Another important classroom application for the students and teachers is Skitch app. Now, most of the students as well as teachers are moving towards a paperless teaching and learning world. Recent advancements of technology and invention of iPad, Elmo and projector in almost every schools and colleges has rapidly changed the working patterns and business in the classrooms (Galbraith and et.al., 2007). There are many applications for the purpose of planning, collecting, capturing the students learning, anecdotal notes and teaching; however the most useful is Skitch. This application allows the students and teachers to take a snap or screenshot and allow them to write directly on it in order to make the point swiftly. In addition, it can be used for numerous learning experiences. Skitch helps in enhancing the discussions with the students by providing a support to them in learning more visible. Hence, students can learn and understands the basic concepts easily, which in turn will hel p them score higher grades. Further, they can do many things in their learning to show their level of understanding if iPads and Macs are made available for use in the classrooms (MacDonald, 2012). The third important tool that can be used by the students is sticky notes. Teacher can give sticky notes in the classroom to make them write the things that they have learned in the class and can check the order to understanding and thinking. Not only teachers, but students can also be benefited by this. Students will be able to confront their exact understanding of what they have learned (MacDonald, 2012). There are many ways in which the sticky notes are useful in the classrooms as well as for the students. Grade students make use of sticky notes for the purpose of organizing the folders, notepapers and study cards. Sometimes, while reading the difficult passages from the technical textbooks, students are being encouraged by the teachers to summarize the things on the sticky note and place it on the margin so that it becomes easy for them to search it out in the near future. There some of the students who storyboard their writing with the sticky notes so that can be moved around. I n addition, it also allows them to take the advantage of ideas spawned out of order. Furthermore, the students can make use of sticky notes to determine the things in the classrooms, categorizing the items by type and by labelling items in a target language (Hollander, 2013). There are many students who draw antics of stick men at the bottom of the sticky note so that when they flip the pages, it emerges as if the men are moving. All these things require planning as well as higher level of thinking. Talking in regards with the Resoph Notes, it is another important app that students should use in order to score higher marks and manage their work easily. With this application, students can take super-fast notes in plain text that will never be unable to get along with the future word processing software being used by the students. In simple words, it can be said that one can open their notes from different apps on both the computer and mobile device such as Simplenote and Flick Note. Further, within Resoph Notes, the students can search for text as well input text (Hess, 2011). Wolfram Alpha is also a new app for the students, which allows them to answer most of their questions in regards with the mathematics, chemistry, physics, words, demographics, dates of essential events, conversions and many more (Tiwana, 2013). There is an erudition curve for figuring out how the questions should be entered, however the time students figured it out, Wolfram Alpha app is able to unravel each and everything being thrown at it. Hence, with this app students will be able to solve complex questions regardless of their subject and topic. This will be considered as a steer to them, which will help in showing them right path of success. Throwing light on the e-reading application, Amazon’s Kindle app is considered as one of the best app for the students, which works on all the platforms. Kindle app has a mammoth library and it is most likely that it will not going to be out of style any time soon. Because of this reason, it is suggested that students should make use of this app in order to grab their textbooks and novels (Galbraith and et.al., 2007). One thing of this app, which is being liked by most of the people, it is quite simple and easy to share highlights and quotes being like by them. In addition, if student finds any problem parsing what’s imperative in the book he or she is reading something you're reading, they can just turn on the notes and popular highlights from other users of the Amazon. Finally, this app also helps the students to take all the books and notes with them and even they can have access by the cloud reader. Thus, it is coolest web app, which can be accessed on any library c omputer. Last but not the least, Pixelmator is one of the best reasonably priced photo editing suites for Mac which helps in offering more bang for the students buck as compared to Adobe Photoshop. This app is very useful for editing the visual projects; however it may not include all the favorite Photoshop keyboard shortcuts or filters. Pixelmator allows the users to save and export the files quirkily and is of great value and elegant looking (Tomei, 2009). Finally, it also have a iCloud Sync for their users files amid computers, touch-up tools, numerous filters and the capability to export the files to the users social networks. To conclude it can be well-attributed that all these applications can solve major problems of those students who are facing difficulties while managing their materials, editing their visual projects, searching textbooks and many more. For instance, by making use of sticky notes student comment on the other student’s work and assignments and put forward many suggestions for the betterment and compliments on the sticky notes. Another app i.e. Dropbox can be used as a great learning and teaching tool for the grade students. REFERENCES Books and Journals Galbraith, P.L. and et.al., 2007. Modelling and Applications in Mathematics Education: The 14th ICMI Study. Springer Science & Business Media. Tomei, L.A., 2009. ICTs for Modern Educational and Instructional Advancement: New Approaches to Teaching: New Approaches to Teaching. IGI Global. Henning, J., 2007. The Art of Discussion-Based Teaching: Opening Up Conversation in the Classroom. Routledge. Hess, A., 2011. iPad 2 Fully Loaded. John Wiley & Sons. Tiwana., A., 2013. Platform Ecosystems: Aligning Architecture, Governance, and Strategy. Newnes. Hollander, B.G., 2013. Participating in Plays, Skits, and Debates with Cool New Digital Tools. The Rosen Publishing Group. Smith, G.G., 2003. The web versus the classroom: instructor experiences in discussion-based and mathematics-based disciplines. Journal of Educational Computing Research. 29. pp.29-59. MacDonald, M., 2012. Classroom Aesthetics in Early Childhood Education. Journal of Education and Learning. 1(1). p.49.

The Impact of the Physician Assistant in Modent Health Care Research Paper

The Impact of the Physician Assistant in Modent Health Care - Research Paper Example Nevertheless, physician assistants provide affordable healthcare to the public. Physician assistants, or PAs, should primarily act as assistants to a doctor. Nevertheless, some states in the country overlook this factor and allow PAs to operate alone insofar as they fulfilled the other basic requirements of certification. While the first program for PAs started in1965, the government’s role in the programs was only in the 1970s when it instituted legislation meant to regulate the operations of PAs. Thus, the pioneers were medics from the military although most PAs are currently women. Nevertheless, the program has developed overtime with PAs said to offer 80% quality healthcare in comparison to medical doctors. With the development of this concept of PAs, there are some notable positive impacts to the modern medicine. One such impact is the availability of healthcare to a larger population, which would be impossible in an environment where there were no PAs. In this case, most PAs operate in areas where the doctors cannot reach. Thus, a larger population of the country has access to healthcare brought to their neighborhoods by the PAs. Secondly, PAs offer cost effective treatment and quality care. In this case, the cost of healthcare is cheaper due to the services provided by the PAs who ensure a healthy nation. Finally, PAs ensure that doctors concentrated on cases that required extra attention due to their complexity in nature. The impact of the Physician Assistant in Modern Health Care In life, not every professional can handle all of his or her workload. In effect, it is important to have assistants in various professions who can help and relief some of the workload. The medical profession is not an exception. In this regard, the doctors cannot perform all the roles of treatment and continue to provide care to their patients. Most fundamentally, doctors require nurses, who provide a supportive role during treatment and the process of care. Furthermor e, doctors also need other various personnel in their profession in order for them to perform their duties effectively. One such example of these personnel is physician assistants, commonly known as PAs. By their very own definition, the physician assistant is a title given to personnel in the medical profession who perform a portion of the roles performed by the traditional physician. In this regard, a PA’s role is under the supervision of a physician, and they cannot take the complicated cases, which is the responsibility of the traditional physician. Despite the role of the PA being a relatively young role in the medical profession, this role has grown overtime and has become an essential component in modern healthcare system. While physician assistants training programs traces their origin to the 1960s, the government started developing an interest in the program in the 1970s and developed standards for training and certification (Vorvick, 2011). In this regard, President Nixon noted the need for assistants in the medical profession while addressing the congress and observed that: One of the most promising ways to expand the supply of medical care and to reduce its costs is through a greater use of allied health personnel, especially those who work as physician’s and dentist’s assistants, nurse pediatric practitioners, and nurse midwives. Such persons are trained to perform tasks which must otherwise be performed by doctors themselves, even though they do not

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 14

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Global performance and corss culture management of Home Depot 04259 Essay

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Information technology in business - Essay Example unications CEO Richard Levick, Forrester;s George Colony, History Factory’s CEO Bruce Weindruch blog to reflect their online personality and the company’s culture. With less barriers to entry and minimal risks, blogging provides a source of livelihood to thousands of bloggers who post excellent content and maintain sincere relationships via forums, commenting, social media, and promoting others, thus reinforcing the popularity of the blog. Bloggers create a platform where they post content advertising companies’ products and strive to create traffic – company counts the number of times the ad has been clicked and pays the blogger at the end of an agreed period (pay per click) (Agger, 189-205). Favorite list of blogs; Treehugger, Copyblogger, Dooce, Basic thinking, and Go fug yourself. These blogs offer customized, science and technology related content that bolster critical thinking and exposes readers to real-life issues in the managerial and social environment. Copyblogger is useful for this course as it provides consummate information on how to be heard online be it in marketing, press responses, idea sharing, and knowledge expansion. Sample contents in Copyblogger can be accessed via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x612J-dupn8 The blogging field is controlled through written and unwritten laws where bloggers and firms are forced to ascertain the credibility of their posts and the implications that it might have on the larger online community. This ensures firms do not make unrealistic profits by unfairly duping consumers and that public hurling of abuses is circumvented as violators risk being fined, termination of their blogs, and jail term in extreme cases (Mergel,

A long way gone Essay Example for Free

A long way gone Essay Violence has a major impact on teenagers and children in today’s society. In the novel A Long Way Gone; memoir by a boy soldier Ishmael Beah, displays how teenagers are exposed†¦ Through the medias they are showed that the movie Rambo, which influences them to be violent and fight. Another way to seek violence is in real life when the boy soldiers are sent to fight the rebels. The violence that the young boys are exposed to caused them to think and act violently towards others, Firstly the boy soldiers in this novel are influenced by the movie Rambo , it encourages them to work harder and more violent. After the young boy soldiers watch Rambo for the first time they were motivated to be just like him and while in battle. â€Å"We all wanted to be like Rambo ; we couldn’t want to implement his techniques† (beah 121). This movies showed the boys how to fight , they wanted to use the same techniques to fight against the rebel villages. Some of the boy soldiers have been so influenced by this that they already implemented goals that will allow them to act like Rambo; â€Å"sometime I am going to take on a whole village by myself, just like Rambo† Alhaji told me smiling at the new goal he had set for himself† (122). This young boy has been trained to fight and destroy, watching Rambo has influenced him so much that he wants to take a whole village on by himself. Watching violent movies influences the boy soldiers how ever this is not how they gain courage and experience. Secondly the boy soldiers are able to gain courage and experience by being sent to fight against the rebels. The boy soldiers are brought to fight after being trained, they are told; â€Å"if you see anyone without a head tie of this colour or a helmet like mine, shoot them†(115). The boys didn’t know that they are actually going to battle however they do know what they have to do when they are in the field. When they are in the battle, the boys watch their friends get killed, this empowers them to fight back and kill; â€Å"I raised my gun and pulled the trigger , and I killed a man†¦ I shot everything that moved†(119). After watching his friends get killed Ishmael starts to fight back, he is saddened by what has happened to his friends and wants to have revenge on the people that caused their death . when the boys are in combat they gain the courage to fight back and kill people. The violence they are exposed to influenced them to act violently them selves. The boy soldiers are exposed to violence in their society which causes them to both think and act violently. The boy soldiers in the novel A Long Way Gone; memoirs of a boy soldier, are exposed to violent images in the media and in real life, which causes them to become addicted to violence. The boy soldiers in this novel are exposed to violence through movies and real life action. In conclusion violence can have a major impact on all teenagers and children no matter where they come from or how they are raised in their country.

What Causes The Greenhouse Effect Environmental Sciences Essay

What Causes The Greenhouse Effect Environmental Sciences Essay Global warming is an ecological problem that is currently believed to be affecting the Earths environment. Global warming is the gradual increase of the Earths atmospheric temperature. It is caused by the Greenhouse Effect, which is the investment of heat in Earths atmosphere by particular gases, like carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). This containment of the gases holds the heat in the Earths atmosphere because it allows the light from the sun to pass through, but it absorbs the heat exuded back from the Earths surface. Cellular respiration contributes to the problem of global warming, because through its processes it takes in oxygen gas and then exhales carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis helps to prevent this problem, though, because it does the opposite of cellular respiration; it takes in carbon dioxide and then yields oxygen gas (O2). Cellular respiration is the process of oxidizing certain food molecules, like glucose, to produce carbon dioxide and water. There are three main processes within cellular respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Each process plays a significant role in harvesting energy from the food molecules and producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is a high energy molecule that is used for energy consuming activities throughout cells. Cellular respiration takes place in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, as well. Glycolysis is the catabolism of carbohydrates by specific enzymes with the discharge of energy and manufacture of pyruvic (or lactic) acid. It occurs in the cytosol of a cell, unlike the other two processes of cellular respiration. Glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen, which is called fermentation, but since this procedure doesnt yield a high amount of energy it isnt as practical as the aerobic process. Glycolysis phosphorylates the glucose by adding two phosphates to the molecule at the expense of two ATP molecules; the glucose is then split into two 3-carbon compounds, and the 3-carbon molecules go through a series of different steps to produce pyruvate. Acetyl-CoA is fashioned from the pyruvate, which then enters the second process of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle. Unlike glycolysis, the Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of a cell. The Krebs cycle is a series of processes that entirely oxidizes the Acetyl-CoA molecule. The cycle must be completed two times to yield four carbon dioxide molecules, six NADH molecules, two ATP molecules, and two FADH2 molecules. The Krebs cycle requires oxygen to be present to occur, making it aerobic. The procedure following the Krebs cycle is the electron transport chain, which consists of a series of special enzyme proteins that shuttle electrons from NADH to a terminal electron acceptor, such as oxygen (McGraw-Hill, 2006). Through a series of redox reactio ns, a gradient is formed, and, moreover, ATP is produced. All of these processes demonstrate the inner workings of cellular respiration, and show how it uses oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. The exhalation of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration is mixed into the air, adding to the already present amount within the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a main ingredient for greenhouse gas, which helps to not allow heat to escape from the Earths atmosphere. As long as living organisms undergo respiration (the metabolism of sugars to produce energy for basic metabolic needs), or as organisms die and decompose, carbon compounds are going to be broken down and are going to add CO2  to the atmosphere (Barbalace, 2006). Photosynthesis has quite the opposite effect. By dictionary definition, photosynthesis is the  synthesis  of  organic  compounds  from  carbon dioxide and water (with the release of oxygen) using light energy absorbed by chlorophyll. The overall reaction that occurs during photosynthesis is that six water molecules are added to six carbon dioxide molecules to yield glucose and six oxygen molecules. Photosynthesis usually occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Carbon dioxide enters the leaves of plants through stomata, which are minuscule  orifices in  the  epidermis  of  leaves, and oxygen gas exits out of the same passageway. There are two main parts of photosynthesis, the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. The former requires light to operate, while the latter are light independent, or dark, reactions. In the light dependent reactions, the energy received from light is changed into energy that is carried by electrons; the electrons are then pi cked up by  electron transport systems,  that use the energy to produce ATP and another molecule called NADPH. Those two products are used in the next process of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. In this cycle, carbon dioxide is integrated into a five carbon molecule that is called ribulose biphosphate (RuBP), and then in a series of chemical reactions, hydrogens and electrons from the NADPH are progressively added to form an uncomplicated, energy rich, phosphorylated carbohydrate called GP3, or PGAL (Decelles, 2002). These products are then used to make glucose, among other carbohydrates. This displays how photosynthesis rearranges the atoms of carbon dioxide molecules and water molecules to create new carbohydrates, which plants then use to supply their cells with energy. Photosynthesis converts the raw materials of CO2 and H2O into oxygen gas, which benefits the atmosphere and helps to slow down global warming. It recycles the carbon dioxide cellular respiration emits into a molecule that is no longer a greenhouse gas constituent. Global warming itself is an extremely controversial topic. A few believe that it does not pose a real problem, although quite a lot of believe that it does. Global warming is the assertion that the environment of Earth is slowly heating up, and as a result, the organisms inhabiting it will eventually be dramatically affected. The Greenhouse Effect is what occurs when heat is trapped, and increases when more heat energy is supplemented. When talking about global warming, the greenhouse effect is set in the parameter of Earths atmosphere. The greenhouse effect occurs planet wide when solar radiation either bounces off of or is radiated forth from the Earth, and instead of passing through the atmosphere and outward into space, is absorbed by all kinds of extra amounts of and extraneous gases and particles (The Greenhouse Effect, 2010). Cellular respiration contributes to the extraneous gases, while photosynthesis helps to prevent the growing amounts, although other sources of carbon dio xide are decreasing the photosynthetic reactions affect. At one point, the pollution of carbon dioxide from cellular respiration and the conversion of carbon dioxide into oxygen gas were seemingly equal. A sort of equilibrium was reached between the two processes, with photosynthesis appearing to cancel out the outwardly harmful effects of cellular respiration. As of recently, though, manmade pollution has been affecting our atmosphere, adding more carbon dioxide into the ozone along with that emitted from cellular respiration. The primary cause of global warming is carbon dioxide emissions; carbon dioxide is being pumped into our atmosphere at an alarmingly face pace; eight billion tons of carbon dioxide entered the air just last year.   (Causes of Global Warming, 2010). It does not help that trees are being chopped down for logging, development, and other purposes, so there is less carbon dioxide being removed from the atmosphere, causing its levels to rise. There is more carbon dioxide being released into the air than is being convert ed into oxygen through photosynthetic reactions. This unequal release of gasses into the Earths atmosphere is what poses the environmental problem of global warming. The Earth was built to sustain the effects of cellular respiration, but fossil fuels excessively being burned, trees being cut down, and cellular respiration emit too much carbon dioxide for the Earth to recycle.

Alexander The Great Episode Essay -- Papers

Alexander The Great Episode The film begins in Iran where we are told of how he was the devil and how he had two horns . They made their hate for him obvious. Th intro also tells us of how he was led to the speaking tree in India that told him that he would die young. That was the end of the introduction. Alexander was born in Macedonia , at a young age he believed that he was the son of god . There was no doubt about his extraordinary parents . His father had seven wives , he was an alcoholic yet a great man who controlled the country well . His mother was a weird manipulative women . At a young age he showed signs of brilliance , at 10 he tamed a horse that was thought to be untameable as no one in the land could tame it . His father always told him to aim high and that Macedonia was never enough for him . Alexander always hated the Persians for what they had done to his country . He had revenge in his blood and that was the beginning of the end for the Persian Empire . An interesting fact about him is that there is only one original portrait of him , all the rest are copies . At 19 his father died and so he took control of the country . Immediately he set out to Asia with 35,000 troops to seek revenge on Persia . This would be his last time in his homeland . He set out for Troy to visit the Tombs of Athena and Achilles . He believed that their sacred weapons would help him and so he took them . He believed that the gods would help him defeat the mighty Persians. He began his destiny by opening up the coast of Turkey and defeating the local government . He then went to Didimer's temple . He sought help on his miss... ...h for the leader . It was presented to him in a helmet . He took it and tipped it into the sand for if his army weren't going to drink then neither would he . The route he took was deemed impossible for an army and that's why he took it, for the challenge, 60 days later they reached Iran. At that time Iran was the centre of the Universe , he now regretted his earlier action of burning down the Palace . He still wanted to conquer the west . His close friend Histien died , Alexander was in despair . He went to Babylon ignoring the warning made by the gods to him . He died there on the 10th June . He had a bad fever . The veterans took a last look at his body to confirm his death to the people and to themselves . He had always taken recognition of the veterans . Alexander had been broken by the insanity of absolute power.

America’s Foreign Policy and the Cold War Essay -- American History Go

America’s Foreign Policy and the Cold War The role of America at the end of World War II was where the origins of policing the world originate. America had been engaged in a very costly war in terms of dollars as well as lives. But, despite the expense the United States came out of World War II better than any other nation that was involved. The Second World War was a battle between the Allied and Axis Powers. The Allied Powers consisted of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and France. This war was seen as the fight against Nazi Germany, and therefore resulted in a majority of the battles fought on German and Russian soil. The aftermath left the Soviet Union in bad shape. Close to twenty million Russians had died fighting the war, which accounted for about eight percent of their population. Conversely, none of the fighting was done on American soil, and while the United States suffered in terms of casualties it was nothing compared to the loss Russia had endured. Because the war would not end until t he Axis Powers fully surrendered to the Allied Powers, the United States was forced to use the first atomic warfare in history. The atom bomb would later serve as America's greatest possession. Stalin, the Premier of the Soviet Union had always distrusted the American and English intentions. Because of Stalin's aggression and attitude pertaining to Soviet influence on Europe, the postwar stance on Russia had turned into a standoff. This became the origin of the Cold War. The Cold War, seen as a battle between communism and capitalism, was "in reality a more complex struggle over a broad range of ideological, economic, and strategic issues." Over the next several years the United States would spend more money on military and defense than ever before. Several measures were taken to ensure that the same mistakes at the end of World War I would not be repeated. The first in a series of measures was a postwar conference involving President Truman and the Soviet Foreign Minister, V.M. Molokov, where Truman controlled the entire meeting and basically scolded the Soviet's for not honoring agreements on Poland. Truman "told the Russians just where the got off and generally bossed th e whole meeting." This symbolized America's strong-arm stance against communism and signified the position we would hold throughout the Cold War. The next ... ...rying to get across. Because he saw the country from the inside Kennan also believed the United Sates should " pursue a policy of firm containment†¦at every point where the Soviets show signs of encroaching upon the interest of a peaceful and stable world." This opinion and idea of the relationship between the United States and Russia should have been widely accepted by Americans. They backed this idea of aggressive behavior, rather than a passive approach to the Cold War. Conversely, postwar liberal such as Henry Wallace, "a Progressive Party leader, continued to seek cooperation with the Soviet Union and defended the participation of Communists in their organizations." These ideals were quickly silenced. The American majority, being extremely anti-communist, felt relations with the Soviet Union should be harsh and firm. This period introduced American dominance in foreign policy. The ideals of personal freedom and opportunity were the driving forces behind Western philos ophy throughout the Cold War. Not only were these principles showcased, they were set as the benchmark of equality for the human race. Bibliography: COMPTONS ENCYCLOPEDIA COLD WAR;1989 JAMES CORNWELL

Deception in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- Othello William Shakespear

Deception in Shakespeare's Othello Deception, which by its definition is a bad thing and has only one level or degree, is truly not this way at all. Deception appears many times in Othello, but in almost every incident the degree of deception is different. There are only a few characters that use deception, and those characters all use different degrees of deception to get what they want in the play. Deception is almost always used through verbal language or body language because it is the easiest way to deceive a person. The reasons, or intentions, a person has for deception determines the goodness (or badness) and (or) severity of the deception. If a person deceives others with good intentions, then, in a way, the deception is partially good. However, if a person has bad reasons or intentions in deceiving others, then the deception is bad. There is also, in contrast to the definition of deception, debate over what is deception because it is always different in the eyes of different people. Although deception is always meant to deceive, the degree of deception varies upon the context of the situation. Desdemona gives one example of deception when she hides her relationship with Othello from her father. Brabantio says, â€Å"O, she deceives me Past thought!† (1.1.166) Desdemona had reasons for deceiving her father. Her reasons were very simple, because she loved her father she wanted to protect him. Desdemona knew that her father would eventually find out the truth, but she felt that by hiding her relationship with Othello she would be delaying the inevitable pain that her father was going to feel. Since Desdemona loved her father, she felt that by delaying his pain she would be doing him a service, and because Desdemona deceived her father out of love, this deception was not severe. It was however bad, because there was no way in which Desdemona could avoid hurting her father. This shows that even though Desdemona deceived her father and the outcome was bad, it w as not severe because her intentions were good hearted. Another example of the degree of deception was when Iago said to Othello, â€Å"She did deceive her father, marrying you† (111.3.205). Iago’s deception, which in appearance looks similar to Desdemona’s deception, is in fact very different. When Iago says this to Othello, he is trying to anger Othello, and place doubt in Othello’s mind. Iago’s int... ... each interpretation, Iago is able to ask this question and honestly believe that what he does is not deceitful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though deception is defined as malicious, trickery, cheating, and as a sham, it is evident that deception can be good through its intentions, can have different degrees, and is open to debate because of different interpretations. Because Desdemona wanted to spare her father from pain, it was not as deceitful as when Iago lied to Othello to put doubt in his mind. Desdemona’s deception to Othello was good because she did not want to upset him when she thought that she could fix the situation without him knowing. Iago’s deception was bad however, because he tricked Othello by lying to him and wanted to hurt him. Finally, Iago was able to believe that he was not a villain because deception is open to debate because it is different to each person. Shakespeare showed how deception is far different than it’s definition in the â€Å"OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY† by giving examples of deception which all differ from the standard definition. Works Cited Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd Ed. Volume 4. 1989. Shakespeare, William. Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968.

Educational Systems Essay

Educational Laws| Twelve years of primary and secondary education prior to attending university.| * All children in the UK of compulsory school age must receive a full time education. * Classes from September to July * Long vacation from 1 July to 30 September * Languages of instruction.| * Academic year runs from March to December. * Primary: 4 or 6 hours * Holydays: two weeks in July| Organization of education at all levels| * Pre- primary education: from 3 to 6. Kinder garden – Child care center – Nursery level * Primary school (elementary) from 6 years old to 13/14. Private or state schools, * Secondary school (highschool): from 13/14 to 16/18Highschool diploma (basic or honour)GED (gral. educ. diploma) test for immigrants or international students to certificate de level.IB examination in different subjects.AP course in order to enter university. * Higher education/university education Undergraduate 1- Associate degree (AS/AA): 2 years. â€Å"General†. Semi- skilled job. Administrative.Bachelor’s degree (BA/BS): 4 years aprox.Graduate 2- Master’s degree (MS/MA): 2 or 3 years.Doctorate degree (PhD): university teachers, doctors, lawyers, scientific. You can choose the subjects and you obtain credits. That is why bachelor’s is more general.Universities divided in schools/orientation. | * Nursery school 1 – 4/5 * Primary school: Infant (4 – 7) Junior (7 – 11) * Secondary school: * Senior * College/ sixth form GCSE: General Crtificate of Secondary Education. One year. Pupils can leave secondary schooling.One more year: AS-Levels (higher level of secondary)A-level (required for university entrance)Diploma: skills and and knowledge needed for work. (like the associated)VOSE * Higher education * Undergraduate level (sometimes referred to as tertiary education) * Graduate (or postgraduate) level (sometimes referred to as quaternary education). Higher education differs from other forms of post-secondary education such as vocational education.There is a three-level hierarchy of degrees (Bachelor, Master, Doctor) A graduate student is an individual who has completed a bachelor’s degree (B.A., B.S.) and is pursuing further higher education, with the goal of achieving a master’s degree (M.A., M.S.) or doctorate In the United States, Graduate education can also refer to those pursuing a post-master’s Educational Specialist degree or post-master’s Certificate of Advanced Study (law school or business school.)| * Pre-primary level – kinder garden (two stages 4 and 5 obligatory) * Primary level – EPB (elementary). From 6 to 11 (it depends on the province) * Secondary level: from 12 to 17 years old. 1) ESB/CBU2) Polimodal/ CE/ ESO * Higher education: private/ national universities or institutions. | In college ≠  in university College: smaller Focus on undergraduate degrees There are a lot of variations especially in qualification. Each state has the possibility of regulate. University: divided into colleges but they are not specialized in one area ancient universities (Oxford/Cambridge). Each school has an orientation. Many courses of study in the same college. (â€Å"autà ³nomos†) OPEN UNIVERSITY: there are some degrees very prestigious. There is a curriculum: pass one subject in order to go on advancing in your program of studies. Diploma in higher education/associated: tecnicatura Undergraduate: after school Higher education: tertiary university undergraduate graduate and postgraduate as synonyms SLA: school leaving age

Anthropological Observations

Tyler Adams Anthropology 2 17th November 2012 Research Paper Outline I. Introduction A. The purpose of this paper is to observe and understand the behaviors and aspects of culture in Starbuck’s Coffee. B. To evaluate this problem I used participant observation, analyzing and observing people without bias while participating in the environment. In participant observation one must not make it known that he or she is analyzing people so as not to change their behaviors, one must also be sure to remain unbiased throughout the process. C.I argue that there are several different motives for going to Starbuck’s but it is a central meeting place for cultures to interact and enjoy. D. The following paper will provide examples and proof that I found in my research about this situation and includes facts I observed at Starbuck’s Coffee. II. One factor about the problem: A. How many people were there at different times? B. Plenty of different sizes of groups came into Starbu ck’s. C. Conviviality in Catalina III. Another factor of the problem: A. What are the different subjects people are discussing?B. Studying, tests, research, social life, sports games, politics. C. Citation for 2nd factor IV. Another factor of the problem: A. What are the functionalities of Starbuck’s besides food and drink? B. Social gathering, studying, meeting new people. C. Citation for 3rd factor V. Conclusions A. I conclude that Starbuck’s Coffee is a central cultural meeting place where many people come for several different reasons, different amounts of people and different conversational subjects were present in the coffee shop at varying times.

Order in the World vs. Savagery Essay

Choose a theme and explain how that theme influences the system of rules and order the boys establish when they arrive on the island, and what happens when the rules disintegrate. Order in the World vs. Savagery Among Men In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, the characters demonstrate what can happen when the fear of the unknown sets in. Giving up the familiarity of authoritative figures and domesticated surroundings can put some people, especially adolescents and children, into a state of shock. If this state of shock does not set in immediately, it is inevitable to set in with time. This novel, filled with allegorical references, is a prime example of how the cultures and values set up by people and evolving over time can be ruined by crisis, creating our main theme of Order in the World VS. Savagery Among Men. The novel starts out with our main characters, the school boys, who have been marooned on a completely deserted island. Being that these are mere children, it doesn’t take too long before everyone starts to realize that not only do they no longer have the structure of adult supervision, but they must also learn to fend for themselves. Conflicting human instincts begin to arise, and we all know that without structure in our world, instincts can be a terribly scary addition to this chaotic mix. It is quite interesting to see that even given their crisis of a situation, one of the boys still clings to his former civilized lifestyle. He still has the urge inside of him to work toward order and their pre-existing domesticated, cushy lives. Living in our sheltered world for such a very long period of time, in this case his whole life has created a barrier between him and reality. Given that he is just a boy, this is not unusual but rather expected of him. On the other hand, we have the majority of the boys, who have resorted to their primordial instincts. They start off with a sort of structure: the conch shell. This is their only form of order in their new life, a symbolic sign of civility which they have brought with them from their old lives. This was, at first, a sense of security. The conch was once used to summon everyone together as a group after their plane crash. However after Jack the leader was chosen to run the group, he became relentless, spouting demands left and right, expecting his group to agree at every whim or else. Ralph, one of the other main characters, opposed the barbaric ideas proposed by Jack, and created his own group. When Jack hears of this disruption to his overruling, he makes sure to convince everyone that they need to be on his team and that he can help them more than wimpy Ralph will be able to. When his teachings are unleashed, Roger rolls a giant boulder onto Piggy, which also crushes their conch shell. I believe that this is a symbol of the disintegration of all civility among the boys. As these rules continue to diminish, the representation of our theme becomes more and more clear. For example, Simon encounters the beast that frightens all of the boys to no end, only to find that the beast does not exist; it is imaginary. The beast, we find, is simply a symbol which lies inside of each and every person because it represents human primitive instincts. When Simon went to alert the rest of the group about the beast, the boys with their newfound savage ways of living attacked Simon immediately without any hesitation whatsoever. The boys tore his body limb from limb until there was no life left. This part of the novel is an extremely important part of the theme because the behavior of the boys is what brought this â€Å"beast† to life! In conclusion, as you are able to see, our theme of order and reason in the world versus savagery and impulse influences the system of rules (or lack thereof) throughout the entire novel. In the beginning, many clung tight to their lives of order, while the remainder of others decided right away that because there was no supervision, they needed to have a leader as soon as possible. Toward the end of our novel, as their rules began to dismantle and leadership turned to a god complex dictatorship, we are still able to see the influential theme in the story line as savagery among men takes over all order when the killing begins.

Behaviour in the Classroom Essay

Everybody shall: use properly and carefully the school facilities, classrooms, wood and metalwork, fittings, furniture and things made available to us, as well as ours and our teacher’s and class-mates’, at all times; and bring to class the material needed (coursebooks, hand-outs, homework done, white sheets of paper, a plastic folder and something to write with) and have it out on the desk, ready to start working, as soon as the teacher goes into the classroom. No other material shall be on or in the desk. If you forgot to bring in any of the things needed, you must ask someone to share hers with you before the teacher gets in. Those who aren’t ready and haven’t done their homework are given a written assignment and dismissed. If the majority haven’t done it, they will do it on their own and expect a question about it on the next exam. PARTICIPANTS will either – speak, when the teacher chairing the meeting asks to do so, after raising one’s hand up, doing it in a polite way (not judging -‘That is .. ‘-, but expressing personal reactions and reasons -‘I agree/disagree with that opinion because †¦ ‘-), in a low voice, without fear nor shame, to truly (not hiding one’s contradictions, handicaps and mistakes and getting rid of the masks and disguises) ask for clarification or say something that has to do with the matter dealt with (relevant) as clearly and briefly as possible, based on the notes taken while listening; – be silent (mouths closed), listening actively (ears open, eyes looking to the person speaking or the text read and with the mind focused on understanding what it is being said and, then, thinking further meanings of it like: Do I agree? What are the reasons that base it? Does it explain anything? What details and nuances should be taken into account? Can I think of an example? ) and taking notes on the interesting ideas said and on one’s own doubts, questions and visions; – be with one’s hand up and silently miming or gesturing the answer to a question made; or – nod to show agreement with the person speaking. In PAIR & GROUP work, voices shall lower & everybody will speak taking turns clockwise.

Overview Of E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Overview Of E-commerce - Essay Example Many giant businesses are using e-marketing for quite sometimes now and many have been programmed with other automated businesses since 1990s. For example, at GE’s Aircraft division, the customer could order an aircraft part, get invoice and initiate delivery all within 45 minutes. However, such sophisticated systems require dedicated communication lines and expensive hardware. These costs have been cut to a great extent with the invention of internet. Generally, B2B exchanges can be sub-divided into three main categories. Consortia are primarily a collaboration of vendors dealing with a particular industry e.g. the consortium of Global Food Exchange. Private Marketplaces on the other hand are run by a single organization and is aided by its key suppliers. Wallmart and Dell are examples of Private Marketplace. ... , industry consortium is typically a Vertical market owned by the industry which allows buyers to procure services and goods from restricted participants. The aim of the industry consortium is to generate steady association with the industry with a view to establish a long term affiliation through contractual procurement. These industry consortium tend to bring together all the supply chains within the industry which in-turn bringing the profits back to the industry. The industry consortia provides a number of facilities e.g. systematic procurement process, auctions, pricing and RFQs mechanisms for profitability of the industry. Q 72 What is channel conflict? Give an example of how channel conflict can be avoided or lessened. Ans Channel conflict is a term used to describe the expulsion of channel partners e.g. suppliers or distributors from supply chain by a company to reach out for the customer directly. This may be achieved through the use of internet via e-commerce or through gen eral marketing. E-commerce provides a simple and economic solution for the businesses to directly contact their consumers and sell their brands without intermediaries. However, this simple solution also brings with it a great challenge. The customers can also interact with one another through internet and exchange ideas regarding product quality and price. This scenario forces the companies to fix a competitive price of the product or service without compromising on the quality. Over production by a company can also result in channel conflict. Similarly, newer editions of the products in the market, trend changes and wholesalers insolvency also cause channel conflict. Therefore, the stock clearance strategy of a company is of utmost importance for avoidance of channel conflict. There are

Quiz Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Quiz - Coursework Example The girls, on the other hand, who display more masculine traits, are considered abnormal in the society as they do contrary to the expectation of their gender (Butler, 2011). It is this gender construction that leads to the stratification of the society where the men are placed at a higher hierarchy and the women automatically below them (Butler, 2011). This explains why the disparities exist between men and women today. Since the women are expected to be passive, calm and considerate, the men have taken over them, with very few women taking up positions that are considered prestigious. The prestigious jobs have long been left for the men. From the stated arguments, it is, therefore, warranted to conclude that gender identity is not natural but constructed by the society. The existence of evil along side a good and omnipotent God can be explained philosophically. According to the research of Clarke (2002), the omnipotent God has the ability to see all the actions that humans take part in. This involves both the good and the wrong deeds that humans do. However, it is vital to consider that evil exists because the omnipotent God gives the human beings the will and authority to do what they wish, whether good or evil. The author continues to argue that God continually advocates for good deeds (Clarke, 2002). Nonetheless, it is evident that some humans are inclined on the wrong side despite there being an omnipotent God. For these persons who do the wrong things, God takes charge of them and ensures that they suffer all the consequences of their wrong deeds (Clarke, 2002). This validates the aspect that God is omnipotent and always creates a balance between good and evil. On another note, it is also evident that God’s power goes beyond the normal world as justice is always executed by the omnipotent God. From these facts, it is evident that

What Is Modernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

What Is Modernism - Essay Example The essay "What Is Modernism" analyzes modernism movement. Every change is guided by unique principals for this case modernism involved a break from indigenous traditions and continual progression. Modernists celebrated intelligence, radical thinking and creativity because these were the abilities of mankind furthermore, they did not fall captive of indigenous limits. Realism period involved art that painted the subject exactly as it was, for example, Edouard Manet painted a French courtesan ‘Olympia’ bold, brash and unashamed. This was the first time that artists broke from traditional standards. Impressionism followed where artists painted impressions of the actual subjects. What they portrayed is a distinction between what they see and that which the brain processes, bringing out the impact of scientific knowledge on art. From this period, the ‘isms’ poured forth, which involved post-impressionism, fauvism and cubism. Artists utilized every opportunity to break loose from commonly held teachings and techniques. Modernism had well renowned and prolific artists like Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, George Seurat and Marcel Duchamp just but to mention a few. Modernism encompassed nearly the whole of 20th century art; it is now easy to understand why modernism is a significant point of discussion by art critics and historians. Well, viewing modernism from a different angle, it’s not all about painting. There are other disciplines as Music, philosophy, literature and sculpture, the list is long.

Misbeliefs about languages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Misbeliefs about languages - Essay Example t in their language since the relational frame theory suggest that children naturally acquire their language through interaction with their own environment. â€Å"Skinner ( 1978 ) defined verbal behavior as any behavior on the speaker as reinforced through mediation of a listener who is trained by a verbal community so as to mediate such reinforcement† ( Hayes, et.al, 2001). Drawing from the post-skinner theories, it can be deducted that children learn through social interaction. Their own environment at home is enough to provide them with basic proficiency. For example, a toddler is usually taught by the parents to speak even baby words depending on the context of their culture. Later on, the parents are surprised by the ability of their children to speak some words that they haven’t taught. In fact, some homes are multi-lingual and children do not have a hard time acquiring a second or third language especially when it is frequently spoken at home. The second argument is that â€Å"the English language traces its ancestry back to Latin†. Again, this is a false statement since the roots of the English language is actually from Old English. History tells us that during the 5th century, the group of Anglo-Saxon settlers that invaded the eastern coast of Great Britain were the one s that brought this type of Old English. The modern English language cannot have its roots in Latin since it is considered a West Germanic language. The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary cites the etymology of the word "English" which is actually derived from 12th century Old English  englisc  or  Engle, plural form  Angles. The English Club illustrates the historical development of the English language: These tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed west and north by the invaders - mainly into

K Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

K - Assignment Example Hence, it ought to have a somehow general title but still emphasizing on its capability that differentiates with other hybrids. For instance, â€Å"Ford Fiesta is now higher by 40 Highway miles and comfort than the same hybrid cars.† The illustration is quite catchy and as somehow targets the youth populace. The color used is favorable to both sexes. The green color is a shouting choice to many thus being effective as it attracts the attention of the readers. The fuel gauge has also been illustrated and it exemplifies FF is quite economical based on fuel consumption. The limitation evident in the illustration is that the interior design of the FF was not shown. It would have enhanced the effectiveness of the ad. FF stands out amongst other hybrids of its level because of the thoughtful engineering touch. This message is evident in the body and it has added strength to the advert for it motivates clients to find out more about the FF where the body copy mentions the vehicle minimizes fuel consumption. This is true since it has a fuel consumption of up to 65.7mpg, which is low thus the car is more efficient considering it can cover many miles. To add on, it has an effective 1.0-liter 3 cylinder class-leading petrol engine, hence does not compromise matters of performance and power while ensuring that it economizes on fuel. The only limitation is that the body leaves out critical information about FF such as those on safety. The design of FF is quite spectacular for it has a stylish design both outside and inside. The headlamps outside are sleek and the tailamps at the rear hatch beautifully sculpted. The illustration has succeeded in indicating the outside design of the FF but has left out the interior. The ad is effective starting from the choice of headline. The headline is bound to attract the attention of the readers. The color of the illustration is also one that will attract

Hyatt Regency Hotel Walkaway Collapse Assignment

Hyatt Regency Hotel Walkaway Collapse - Assignment Example When the walkaways reached the floor, they killed 114 people (Lewis, James, Ralston, Norb& Wheatly 2). The accident left 200 people injured (Banset & Parsons 273). The disaster is related to engineering disasters because of a flaw in the connection of the walkways and the support rods. The disaster led to a number of significant changes in engineering practice. For instance, the engineer who authorized its design lost his license. After restoration, the hotel is currently functioning normally. The Hyatt Regency collapse occurred on July 17, 1981 in Missouri (Banset & Parsons 273). The hotel is located in Kansas City. The accident led to the death of 114 people and caused the injuries of 200 others (Banset & Parsons 273). The disaster has been selected for this paper because it was the most tragic structural collapse in American history at that time. During that fateful night, many people had gathered in the atrium to attend the highly publicized tea party. A significant number of peo ple stood on the walkways. When the accident occurred, all the walkways were packed with many patrons. The design of the walkaways contributed to the extent of the disaster. The fourth-floor bridge was suspended over all the subsequent bridges. In addition, the third walkaway was set off a few meters from the other two. Investigations established a flawed design alteration that increased the load on the connection between the support beams of the fourth walk away and the tie rods that were used to carry the weight of the next walk away. The engineers had clearly failed to observe due diligence. For example, the new design could not handle the weight of the structure. In addition, it could not support the weight of the hundreds of spectators that were standing on it. Consequently, the bridge failed and both walkaways ended up crashing into the lobby. The accident led to the death and injury of many people.

Cartel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cartel - Essay Example A cartel includes a secretive agreement between competing parties on total industry output levels, price fixing, credit conditions, and division of profits, bid rigging, discounts, customers, and areas to receive the supply, market shares, and/or businesses to win contracts (â€Å"Office of Fair Trading† 1). The main objectives of a cartel agreement are to inflate prices, increase individual profitability, and reduce competition in the industry. Cartels have adverse effects on the industry as they reduce choices, inflate market prices, and inhibit the overall economy (â€Å"Australian Competition and Consumer Commission† 1). As such, cartels are illegal in most countries and take place in secrecy where it is not easy to establish their existence. However, a cartel has less influence on an industry than a monopoly. A cartel can be local, national or international where ion the recent times cartels steal billions of dollars from the vulnerable customers every year ( "Australian Competition and Consumer Commission† 1). We can classify cartels into public and private cartels. The government takes place in a public cartel where it implements the cartel agreement and defends the cartel from any liability as it seeks to benefits all the citizens. On the other hand, a private cartel is illegal under the antitrust laws as it seeks to benefit only the parties in the cartel agreement to the disadvantage of everybody else. As such, the Competition Act, Article 101 TFEU of the EC Treaty, the Enterprise Act (â€Å"Office of Fair Trading† 1), and EU competition law prohibit cartels that allows for price fixing, market sharing, limitation of production or supply or bid rigging (â€Å"European Commission† 1). Nevertheless, we still have cartels in the world, which include the controversial Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), which is the world's largest cartel under the protection of U.S. foreign trade laws. As such, base d on my understanding of a cartel, we can experience a cartel in different industries. This is because cartels can actually occur in almost any industry where it involves good or services at the manufacturing, distribution, or marketing levels. However, some industries are more prone to cartels compared to others because of their mode of operations or their organizational structure. Ideally, industries with few competitors, where the products have similar characteristics, where communication channels between competitors are already established, or where the industry is suffering from over supply are prone to cartels (â€Å"Office of Fair Trading† 1). More specifically, cartels usually take place in an oligopolistic industry where there are few sellers, barriers to entry, and homogeneous products. Like in most European nations, cartels are illegal in the United States of America. However, although many consider the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)as a carte l, the U.S. foreign trade laws protects it claiming it is an global organization with a legal, long-term, and significant objective. Nevertheless, cartels like drug cartels and all naked cartels are illegal in U.S. Notably, various agencies and legislations like the Competition and Consumer Act prohibits cartels under civil law and makes it a criminal offence for individuals and

Office of Strategic Services Essay Example for Free

Office of Strategic Services Essay The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was created on June 13, 1942 by President Franklin Roosevelt after he decided that he needed a new and different form of espionage group modeled after a British Intelligence agency. The primary reason for the OSS was to gather enemy information, carry out sabotage operations, distribute propaganda to attack the enemies and plan out special operations for different agencies. Willam J.  Donovan was the head of OSS appointed by President Roosevelt, who soon began to recruit everyone he thought was necessary for the job including, consulting, British spy-master Lan Fleming, author of the popular series James Bond. Donovan was born on January 1, 1883 and was a very successful man outside of all of his military duty. He was a lawyer and intelligence officer outside of the battlefield but also was a Colonel during WWI and reached Major General during WWII. Donovan was also named the Coordinator Of Information (COI) and received multiple medals for all of his service including: Distinguished Service Medal, three Oak Leaf Cluster Medals, a Medal of Honor (MOH) and three Purple Hearts. Donovan died on February 8, 1959 and is now a part of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame. The OSS was formed from the COI but half of its members stayed to work with the government for the Foreign Information Service (FIS). When the OSS first began, many people didnt like the group because they thought it to be taking over and it was actually banned from all Japanese intercepts and was only allowed to certain German intercepts under FBI terms. The Counterintelligence unit (X-2) was only allowed to operate in the Eastern Hemisphere where the FBI was operated in the Western Hemisphere. However, the British Intelligence services were very helpful to the OSS, understanding what they were going through, British Intelligence helped with OSS training, information and experience. The OSS was separated into three different branches, The Research and Analysis Branch, The Moral Operations Branch and The Labor Division. The Research and Analysis Branch was responsible for employing academics for plan strategies for future invasions. The Moral Operations Branch was responsible for producing all of the propaganda used to attack enemies and The Labor Division was responsible for discouraging activity within trade unions. There were also three, main functional branches which were made of the Special Operations (SO), the Secret Intelligence (SI) and the Counterintelligence (X-2). Weapons and spy gear were a big part of the OSS and all of their success. Donovan created in-house capability to fabricate tools and weapons but by the end of the war there were multiple labs which created mass-productions of weapons and spy gear for all of the OSS to use. There was a Research and Development Branch which was the main-inventing station for all weapons and gadgets. Stanley P. Lovell was in charge of the Research and Development Branch. The OSS is now the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and has the most responsibilities that the OSS did during WWII. The functions of the OSS were split between the Department of State and the Department of War. The State Department received the Research and Analysis Branch of OSS which was renamed the Interim Research and Intelligence Service and the War Department took over the Secret Intelligence (SI) and Counter-espionage (X-2) Branches. The OSS was dissolved September 20, 1945 by President Truman. Over the years, the OSS conducted successful espionage and sabotage operations in Europe and Asia along with employing almost 13,000 men and women.

Vladimir Putin & successor Essay Example for Free

Vladimir Putin successor Essay Vladimir Putin was the hand-picked successor of Boris Yeltsin and was elected as the president of the Russian Federation in 2000. After earning a law degree in 1975, Putin joined the KGB, the security force of the former Soviet Union. He spent years working primarily in East Germany, then left the service in 1991 and became active in the politics of St. Petersburg. He was brought to Moscow by Yeltsin in 1996 and served as an administrator in the Kremlin and an official for the security organizations which replaced the KGB. In 1999, Putin became Yeltsins fifth prime minister in 17 months, and then became acting president when Yeltsin left office. He was officially elected to the office in 2000 and then re-elected in a landslide vote in March of 2004 (Montinola 148). Putin moved quickly to reassert the central governments authority over the various republics, regions, and other administrative units and has sought to exert control over elements of the independent media. He also has worked to revamp, and reduce the size of, the military. He won enactment of liberal economic reforms and ratification of international arms agreements, while also renewing ties with former Soviet client states and maintaining Russias strong opposition to proposed U. S. ballistic missile defenses (Fish 119). Although Putin has been, in the main, popular with the Russian public, his reputation suffered when he was perceived to have acted belatedly after the Russian submarine Kursk sank in Aug. , 2000 (Baker 27). By the end of his second year in office, however, the Russian presidents position had visibly strengthened, as he became apparently successful in stabilizing the government and the economy, the latter achieved in part through banking, labor, and private-property reforms and in part through a fortuitous rise in oil prices (Russias principal export). Legal reforms gave greater protection to the accused and increased powers to judges, bringing Russian judicial practice more in line with that of the West. In 2001 and 2002, Putin criticized, but accepted, the U. S. withdrawal from the ABM treaty as it proceeded with its development of its missile defense system, while signing a treaty reducing the number of U. S. and Russian nuclear warheads and establishing closer relations with the United States and NATO. Many reforms that had been enacted faltered in their enforcement in the second half of Putins term, or were not built upon. Russias regions and provinces managed to resist central government control in many instances, and Chechnya remains an ongoing, festering problem. Putin was reelected in Mar. , 2004, in an election that European observers criticized as unfair (Baker 257). Putin subsequently obtained changes that allowed him to appoint regional and provincial governors, increasing the central governments control over the federations constituents. Given this background, the policies of Putin can now be assessed. This analysis will cover some of the most influential and questionable policies of Putin during his tenure as the president of Russia. The first issue is the way that Putin has dealt with welfare policies in Russia. According to various Russian and western media reports, Putin is extremely concerned about the ongoing demographic problems (death rate being higher than birth rate and immigration rate), cyclical poverty, and housing concerns within the Russian Federation. In 2005, four national projects were launched in the fields of healthcare, education, housing and agriculture (Hanson 660). In his May 2006 annual speech, Putin proposed increasing maternity benefits and prenatal care for women. While these developments in the Russian policy on healthcare have had a fair degree of success, it cannot be properly and completely assessed without first examining the economic policies of Putin since these have a direct effect on the ability of the Russian government to implement these welfare policies. The Russian economy has grown strongly under Putin, thanks mainly to the good luck of sustained high oil prices, but helped too by sound macroeconomic policies (Hanson 661). Foreign investors, forgetting that they were badly burnt by Russias default in 1998, have flocked back. But the imminent demise of Yukos and the evidence that Putin is more interested in reasserting state control over the economy than in pursuing economic liberalization are making many pause once again (Hanson 670). But the attack on Yukos, the best-run and most western-looking of Russian companies, was the worst cure of all: capricious, selective and motivated by politics not the rule of law. Fears that it might presage attacks on other companies seem confirmed by this weeks news of an abrupt tax claim on VimpelCom, a telecoms firm. Businessmen in Moscow say that, far from Putins new order helping to squeeze out corruption, it is now more pervasive than in the worst of the Yeltsin years. Corruption lies at the heart of many of Russias most intractable problems, from the poor state of the army, to the war in Chechnya, to its ineffective policing and counter-terrorism (Montinola 152). Putin has admitted that many Russians might fear the police more than they do criminals. But his efforts to tackle corruption have been half-hearted at best—and, because he has fostered more state control and little respect for the rule of law, he has created precisely the conditions in which corruption thrives best. Meanwhile, the pro-business reforms promised for his second term are largely in limbo (Montinola 153). Russias notorious â€Å"oligarchs† have also been tamed. Boris Berezovsky and Vladimir Gusinsky, two of the most unco-operative, are in exile. Mikhail Khodorkovsky, on trial for fraud and tax evasion, has been in prison since his arrest in October 2003. And Yukos, the oil company Mr Khodorkovsky once ran, looks set to be eviscerated when most of Yuganskneftegaz, its oil-production subsidiary, is sold on December 19th. What remains of Yukos may also be seized, to requite alleged tax debts of some $25 billion. The near-certain purchaser of Yugansk is Gazprom, the state-run gas monopoly. Swallowing Yugansk will turn Gazprom into an energy behemoth that serves Russias foreign-policy interests even more powerfully (Montinola 148). Mr Putin is emerging more and more as a tactician, not a strategist. Economic reform, for example, has stalled since high oil prices offered an easier path to growth. His commitment to democracy now looks to be a tactic too. He may not yet have decided what to do in 2008. Boris Nemtsov, co-founder of a committee set up to make sure he leaves on schedule, says that, if he does want to stick around, international obloquy would give him greater pause than domestic opinion. European and American leaders would react badly to a restructuring of the government, and with horror to a change in the constitution (Baker 375). Perhaps one of the most controversial policies of Putin is directly related to Putins rise to public office in August 1999 which also coincided with an aggressive resurgence of the near-dormant conflict in the North Caucasus, when Chechen nationalists regrouped and invaded neighboring Dagestan. Both in Russia and abroad, Putins public image was forged by his tough handling of this dire challenge (Fish 125). His war in Chechnya was hugely popular, but its brutality also raised real questions about Putins commitment to human rights. References: Baker, Peter and Glasser, Susan Kremlin Rising: Vladimir Putins Russia and the End of Revolution Scribner Book Company May 2005 464 pages Fish, Steven Democracy Derailed in Russia: The Failure of Open Politics, (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 119-127. Hanson, Philip and Teague, Elizabeth â€Å"Big Business and the State in Russia,† Europe-Asia Studies, 57, 5:657-680, July 2005 Montinola, Gabriella and Jackman, Robert â€Å"Sources of Corruption: A Cross-Country Study,† British Journal of Political Science Vol. 32, 2002, 147-170 Putin, Vladimir First Person, Public Affairs, 2000, 208 pp. (collection of interviews). Russian title: Ot Pervogo Litsa. Razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym (From the First Person. Conversations with Vladimir Putin), Moscow, Vagrius, 2000.

Aldi Is A German Based Discount Retailer Chain Marketing Essay

Aldi Is A German Based Discount Retailer Chain Marketing Essay 1.Introduction: Aldi is a German based discount retailer chain establish in 18 countries. It is Europes largest retailer. Aldi got market in German, Australia, Austria, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Slovenia, Switzerland, Denmark, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, USA etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Aldi is the abbreviation for ALbrecht DIscount. This is a private company , it has started in 1913 by Mrs Albrecht. But after the second World War it has been managed by her sons Theo and Karl. In 1963 Aldi has been divided into two companies (Aldi North and Aldi South), but both of them followed same business model and strategy. Germany is the only country in which both the companies operated. The company specialized by selling staple products , Aldi shop sells approximately 700 grocery and household products. Those are chilled foods, canned and frozen goods, baked goods, meat dairy products, household supplies and a special range of locally bought products which customers shopped for on a regular basis. Enterprise system is a software product designed to integrate computer systems that run all phases of an enterprises operations to facilitate cooperation and coordination of work across the enterprise. The intent is to integrate core business processes (such as sales, accounting, finance, human resources, inventory and manufacturing). Business strategy means a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal or set of goals. It states how business should be conduct to achieve the desired goals. We need to implement Enterprise System software in Aldi to successfully achieve those goals . 2 Main Body: 2.1 How could an Enterprise System support the business strategy of Aldi: 2.(1.1 ) Business Strategy of Aldi : Aldis one of the main business strategy is Top quality at incredibly low prices- guaranted and radical efficiencies without compromising product quality . Aldi selling top quality products but their price is comparatively lower than others because their buyers are expert in their field. They bring fresh fruits and vegetables straightway from farmers. Also, they buy them in big quantity. There is no middleman thats why they do not need to spend extra money. They negotiate with the hand-picked suppliers about substantial discount. There is a big savings .Also, there is no bagging facilities that means customers have to use their own bag or Aldi charges for bags. Moreover, there are staff limitations, three to five employees including cashier and manager at a time in each store. To avoid credit card company fees they refuse to accept credit card payments. They dont have any customer service facilities. By using those above methods they cut cost and provide cheap products. Aldi always careful about their product quality. If they find anything wrong about their product then straightway they give money back to customer by using product recall method. That means Aldi give an important notice to bring back that product or call customer service helpline to get their money back. Currently they got wrong with Gardenline Greenhouse and Conservatory Heater. They got some instance that the product could overheat and present a fire hazard. So, they stop to selling it and give a notice to take money back. Shopping cart retrieve system is another important strategy of Aldi. Aldi product is very cheap. So, we can buy all necessary products by spending few amounts of money. Because of that everybody need a cart to shop at Aldi store .If they get it easily then after shopping customers will leave it anywhere .Also, Aldi have to implement someone to organize them. It will be cost effective for Aldi. So, if customer want to retrieve a cart, they have to spend a coin but they will get it back when return that cart. Because of this strategy all carts are organized nicely and dont need anybody to look-after those. Texas stores open is another strategy of Aldi. Aldi expand their business with Texas. They open their first Texas store on Thursday 18th March 2010.Also, Aldi planned to open about 100 Texas stores by 2010. They open 11 shops in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. 9 more shops open in April and another 7 by May. After that Texas becomes Western most state in those are operates by Aldi. Aldis action loudly says likely they will expand their business in southwest. For instance ,they have developed a line of Hispanic products for their Texas stores. They will serve those products in Arizona and New Mexico because there are large Hispanic populations. Another strategy of Aldi business is   Ã‚  A new promotion campaign will be introduced over the next 4 months to encourage present customers to increase their use of Aldis products by 10%. This is about expand in existing market to maintain existing buyers. Promotional offer is their main tactic to attract customers. Aldi provide leaflet and newsletter to inform this offer. Their promotional offer is acceptable for customers. Offer is like buy one get one free of half price. Also, Thursday and Sunday special price. 2.(1.2) Competitor Analysis: There are some of the biggest competitors in the supermarket industry, those are Coles, IGA and Lidl . Working out competitors objectives gives the business a good idea of their current strategy and suggest what they will do in future. It is useful to know the relative importance that competitors place on profitability, sales volume and market share. This could give managers of the business insight into how competitors may react to their strategies. 2.(1.3) Strategy Formulation: In formulation, I am trying to modify the current strategies in ways to make the organization more successful. We already know about Aldis strategy and its environment, now strategic alternatives can be developed. Strategic alternatives depends on the current strategy of Aldi and the existing status that is experienced. There are several strategic alternatives that Aldi could undertake. First, they should keep improving mix product market. Another alternative is Aldi could consider to diverse their operations, like they can offer credit or debit cards payment. Third strategic option is that Aldi should do nothing to change their operation as it is currently working and complementing the external environment. Aldi has three strategic alternatives that totally complement their existing strategy and the initiatives taken in the market. There are three aspects of strategy formulation. Those are- corporate level strategy, competitive strategy and functional strategy. Corporate Level Strategy: In this aspect of strategy, we are concerned with broad decisions about the total Aldis scope and direction. Basically, we consider what changes should be made in our growth objective and strategy for achieving it, the lines of business we are in, and how these lines of business fit together. It is useful to think of three components of corporate level strategy: a) growth of directional strategy, b) portfolio strategy, c) parenting strategy Competitive Strategy: This involves deciding how Aldi will compete within each line of business (LOB) or strategic business unit (SBU). Functional Strategy: These more localized and shorter-horizon strategies deal with how each functional area and unit will carry out its functional activities to be effective and maximize resource productivity. 2.(1.4) Enterprise System Implementation: Enterprise system will provide real time information, enforce standards, helps to improve business process of the company. Enterprise system deliver as the backbone of an organizations information needs. It helps to improve business process and achieve fast connectivity with any branch, internally or externally data could be shared in real time. By using this software manager can monitor every aspect of the companys operations and performance .They can achieve their goal easily. Enterprise system software must make big changes in Aldis business process . It is enabling to better and faster decision making, reduce information reporting cost, decrease management hand-counts. Davenport point out in his book Mission Critical that, without implementing enterprise system it is impossible to do electronic commerce. If Aldi want to achieve worldwide market they need fast in time communication facilities. They only doing 2pages newsletter nothing else like online ordering or advertisement. They should start e-business, online information, home delivery. Successfully do the electronic business, Customer Relationship Management they need to adopt enterprise system software in their business. By using enterprise system software many organization in the world performed their business process. This system could help Aldi to achieve high levels of operational efficiency and will be able to respond more rapidly, deliver higher quality and improve cost efficiency. Aldi can access to ample data on both the market and internal operations. We can see the competitive difference comes from the analysis, interpretation and action depend on this data. Aldi can gain a strategic advantage by finding patterns and opportunities faster and deeper than competitors. To be a successful organization Aldi has to adopt changing circumstances and able to integrate and process information system. I think enterprise system is able to dramatically decrease transaction and communication costs. Whether the business core strength in efficient supply chain or superior customer service, instant visibility into key business process via service level agreement or performance metrics helps to achieve a competitive advantage in the World market. This software implementation cost is very high but it is important for long term success of the business. There is not any strong Enterprise System in Aldi Group. I think by implementing Enterprise system like CRM( Customer Relationship Management) system they can develop their business. 2.1.(4.1) Customer Relationship Management(CRM): CRM provides integrated functionality for marketing, sales, customer support and call centre requirements. Functions include- Call centre management, Sales force automation, Customer contact point management, Order entry and order tracking, Service management and content management. 2.1.4.(1.1) Call Centre Management: Aldi need to start call centre management system to improve their business strategy. Because consumers are very busy about their personnel life , they dont have any spare time. For that- sometimes customer try to find information about products availability, product quality and price by calling to customer service. Because there are many competitive markets , consumers got many choice. So, there is no point to spend time and extra money for same product. Understanding customer needs allows the organization to design customer-specific levels of service and track profitability at the customer level. They have to understand what is customers looking for. If the call centre management system is not good and all informations are not updated then customers will get wrong information. May be some times customers calling for information but nobody pick up the phone then they will loose the customer. This increase value per customer and customer retention. 2.1.4.(1.2) Sales force automation: Sales force automation (SFA) software is a type of program that automates business tasks such as inventory control, sales processing, and tracking of customer interactions, as well as analyzing sales forecasts and performance. Aldi need this for integration of sales and marketing to improve efficiency. Sometimes customers want to get timely and precise information about orders. When customer see there is delay about product deliver they need to know current situation. There need quick and reliable responses to all inquiries. Aldi have to be able to meet their commitment on time. If customers get any bad experience about commitment they will not come back again. They need frequent contract and follow-through facilities. 2.1.4.(1.3 )Customer contact point management: A contact point is the method a customer uses to communicate with a company. For instance , consider the different ways customer may interact an organization By visiting retail stores customers seek in-person assistance for their need and also discussion with company peoples. Fastest contact point is through the internet. Now-a-days electronic-commerce is most important method for purchasing certain types of products including music. Also, customers can contact with company personnel for companys financial issues. For instance, credit personnel help customer arrange the necessary funds to make a purchase. Aldi have to implement enterprise system to manage customer contact point. They need to start online ordering also, they should start to accept credit card payment. By providing these facilities they can achieve their goal. 2.1.4.(1.4) Order entry and order tracking: This is another method of CRM. When customer go for online shopping they need to open an account, they need authorization for online order and payment. Furthermore, customer can track their order by using their account. To improve Aldi business strategy they should provide order entry and order tracking facilities. Aldi will be able to attract more customer, increase their selling and profit. 2.1.4.(1.5) Service Management and Content Management: This is all about service and collection of procedures used to manage workflow in a collaborative environment. This procedures can be manual or computer based. CRM(Customer Relationship Management) system helps understanding customer needs, Aldi has to design customer-specific levels of service and track profitability at the customer level. This increase value per customer and customer retention. This system integrate sales and marketing to increase efficiency. Customers need timely and precise information about orders, quick and reliable responses to all inquiries, ability to meet scheduled commitments on time. CRM efficiency can be improved by providing current and important information to sales staff. Aldi can reduce sales calls, by sending e-mail, they can reduce communication costs, paper work costs, also integrated system decrease training costs. They can collect customer information by using web based and e-mail based tools. If Aldi start to use something like bonus card or club card, they will get overall idea about customer- which product customers like most, they can offer promotional items. It is easy way to attract customers to Aldi product. Customer Experience management (CEM) will provide autometed customer feedback. Customer can compare Aldi product with other company, easily find comparatively cheapest one. Aldi have to start all forms of trading like- direct, traditional, retail, e-commerce, wholesale, combination. Only then it is possible to make it world largest acceptable company. By using the Enterprise System software Aldi could fulfill their mission. Enterprise System will give information about them Customers will be able to know about Aldis efficiency, low price product, product quality, required product availability. Also, Manager can easily get overall idea about Aldi like- which product selling more, customers demand, which product need to be ordered more. Aldi got overseas business ,so it will be very easy and faster to get information about any branch in the world. They can do employee recruitment ,training, required staff in different Aldi branch, paying salary etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 2.2 Barriers to implement Enterprise System in Aldi group: It is highly cost effective to implement Enterprise System in Aldi, because their main strategy is cheap price product supply. If they spend a lot of money implement Enterprise System they will not be able to sell product by cheap. The lack of clearly defined CRM strategies and support structures can burn organizations. Contemporary business strategy must realize how to filter the large data warehouses and integrate certain data into marketing and customer service strategy. Aldi have to face core problems to assess their strategy to the system, a number or actors are involved, internal and external staff. Staff need to be well trained to use the system otherwise it will upset customers that had their calls routed to wrong locations and increase call costs.It is not good enough to just plan resources required to run the enterprise, they need to be managed as well. 2.3 How Aldi can overcome from barriers: Aldi have to focus on staff training, order entry and call centre applications to seamlessly coordinate customer information from outside sales staff to inside customer support staff. This narrow focus enables Aldis staff to acclimate to the software quickly without feeling overwhelmed. Attaining goals in stages enable staff to take ownership of the systems and gather momentum for the new systems. They have to implement some specific trained staff to provide these facilities to the customer. 3 Conclusion: Aldi implemented good relationships with suppliers to ensure favorable prices over considerable quantities. With them, the business guarantees long-term commitments with producers which allow producing more in better conditions and cheaper, orders of whole lorries, saving of packaging costs. On the other hand, the consumers have a high power of negotiation because they are the target of several retailers. So they just have the choice to choose the one which suits to their budget. Aldi is Worldwide business company, so if they successfully implement Enterprise System in their business then it will support to establish their business strategy.